Biology. Advanced One - Age 15-16. .Grade 11 / Junior Year / SSS.

Grade 11 Biology, students typically cover a wide range of topics that provide a foundational understanding of biological concepts. Here's an overview of what is commonly included:

1. The Living World: Introduction to the diversity of living organisms, classification systems, and basic characteristics of living organisms.

2. Biological Classification: Detailed study of various classification systems, including the five-kingdom system, and characteristics of different kingdoms such as Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

3. Plant Kingdom: Classification and characteristics of different groups of plants including algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.

4. Animal Kingdom: Classification and characteristics of different groups of animals, including various phyla such as Porifera, Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata.

5. Morphology of Flowering Plants: Study of the external and internal structure of plants, including root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed.

6. Anatomy of Flowering Plants: Detailed study of tissue systems, internal structure of dicot and monocot roots, stems, and leaves.

7. Structural Organization in Animals: Introduction to tissues, organs, and organ systems in animals.

8. Cell: The Unit of Life: Detailed study of the cell theory, cell structure, and functions of cell organelles such as nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, lysosomes, and vacuoles.

9. Biomolecules: Introduction to the various types of biomolecules including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and their structure and functions.

10. Cell Cycle and Cell Division: Study of cell cycle phases, mitosis, and meiosis, along with their significance.

11. Transport in Plants: Mechanisms of water and mineral transport in plants, including the structure and function of xylem and phloem.

12. Mineral Nutrition: Essential minerals required by plants, their functions, and deficiency symptoms.

13. Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: Detailed study of the process of photosynthesis, including light and dark reactions, factors affecting photosynthesis, and significance.

14. Respiration in Plants: Study of aerobic and anaerobic respiration, including glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, and fermentation.

15. Plant Growth and Development: Processes such as growth, differentiation, dedifferentiation, and redifferentiation in plants.

16. Digestion and Absorption: Detailed study of the digestive system, including the structure and function of various digestive organs and processes involved in digestion and absorption.

17. Breathing and Exchange of Gases: Mechanism of breathing, respiratory organs, and processes involved in the exchange of gases.

18. Body Fluids and Circulation: Composition and functions of blood, lymph, and circulatory system in animals.

19. Excretory Products and their Elimination: Structure and function of the human excretory system, including kidneys, nephrons, and urine formation.

20. Locomotion and Movement: Study of the skeletal and muscular systems, types of joints, and mechanism of muscle contraction.

This overview provides a general outline of the topics covered in Grade 11 Biology . Depending on the specific school or syllabus, there may be slight variations in the content covered.