Biology. Advanced Two - .12th Grade / Senior Year /WASSCE / O Level.

Grade 12 Biology, students typically cover a wide range of topics that build upon their foundational understanding of biology from previous grades. Here's an overview of the typical syllabus:

1. Reproduction:

   • Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
   • Human Reproduction
   • Reproductive Health

2. Genetics and Evolution:

   • Principles of Inheritance and Variation
   • Molecular Basis of Inheritance
   • Evolution

3. Biology and Human Welfare:

   • Human Health and Diseases
   • Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
   • Microbes in Human Welfare

4. Biotechnology and Its Applications:

   • Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
   • Applications of Biotechnology in Health and Agriculture

5. Ecology and Environment:

   • Organisms and Populations
   • Ecosystem
   • Biodiversity and Conservation
   • Environmental Issues

6. Cell: Structure and Functions:

   • Cell: The Unit of Life
   • Biomolecules
   • Cell Cycle and Cell Division

7. Plant Physiology:

   • Transport in Plants
   • Mineral Nutrition
   • Photosynthesis
   • Respiration in Plants
   • Plant Growth and Development

8. Human Physiology:

   • Digestion and Absorption
   • Breathing and Exchange of Gases
   • Body Fluids and Circulation
   • Excretory Products and Their Elimination
   • Locomotion and Movement
   • Neural Control and Coordination
   • Chemical Coordination and Integration

In addition to theoretical knowledge, the curriculum often includes practical sessions, experiments, and projects to provide students with hands-on experience and deepen their understanding of biological concepts. The Grade 12 Biology aims to equip students with a comprehensive understanding of biological principles, preparing them for higher education and careers in various fields related to biology, medicine, research, and environmental science.