Chemistry. Advanced One - Age 15-16. .Grade 11 / Junior Year / SSS.

Grade 11 Chemistry, students typically cover a wide range of topics to lay the foundation for more advanced chemistry concepts in Grade 12 and beyond. Here's a brief overview of the typical syllabus:

1. Basic Concepts of Chemistry:

   • Laws of chemical combination
   • Dalton's atomic theory
   • Atomic and molecular masses
   • Mole concept and molar mass
   • Percentage composition

2. Structure of Atom:

   • Discovery of electron, proton, and neutron
   • Atomic models (Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr)
   • Atomic number, mass number, isotopes, and isobars
   • Quantum mechanical model of the atom

3. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties:

   • Modern periodic law and the present form of the periodic table
   • Types of elements: s, p, d, and f blocks
   • Periodic trends: atomic and ionic radii, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity

4. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure:

   • Valence electrons, Lewis dot structures
   • Ionic and covalent bonding
   • VSEPR theory and shapes of molecules
   • Hybridization
   • Molecular orbital theory

5. States of Matter:

   • Three states of matter and interconversion
   • Intermolecular forces
   • Types of solids (crystalline and amorphous)
   • Unit cell and crystal lattice

6. Thermodynamics:

   • Basic concepts and definitions
   • First law of thermodynamics
   • Enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy
   • Spontaneity of a process

7. Equilibrium:

   • Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes
   • Law of mass action, equilibrium constant
   • Le Chatelier's principle
   • Types of equilibria: homogeneous and heterogeneous

8. Redox Reactions:

   • Concept of oxidation and reduction
   • Redox reactions and balancing
   • Electrochemical cells
   • Standard electrode potential and its significance

9. Hydrogen:

   • Position in the periodic table
   • Isotopes of hydrogen
   • Preparation, properties, and uses

10. s-Block Elements:

    • General properties
    • Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals
    • Anomalous properties

11. p-Block Elements:

    • General properties
    • Group 13, 14, 15 elements
    • Preparation, properties, and uses of compounds

12. Environmental Chemistry:

    • Environmental pollution: air, water, soil
    • Greenhouse effect and global warming
    • Ozone depletion

This overview should give you a good idea of the topics covered in Grade 11 Chemistry. The syllabus may vary slightly from year to year, but these are the fundamental concepts typically included.