Methods Of Preparation Of Carboxylic Acids
Chapter Name : Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_12_07_05 |
Topic Name : Methods Of Preparation Of Carboxylic Acids |
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Sub Topic Name : From Acyl Halides And Anhydrides |
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Introduction
A carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O. It is common to several classes of organic compounds, as part of many larger functional groups.
Pre-Requisites:
Carbonyl group
Activity:
Ketones.
Real Life Question:
What is Carbonyl group?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Carbonyl group | A carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Alcohols | Alcohols (R-OH) take the suffix "-ol" with an infix numerical bonding position: CH3CH2CH2OH is propan-1-ol. The suffixes -diol, -triol, -tetraol, etc., are used for multiple -OH groups: Ethylene glycol CH2OHCH2OH is ethane-1, 2-diol. |
Real life uses :
Study the nature of chemicals.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" (pronounced own, not won) with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
What you learn in Theory:
Esters can also be made from other carboxylic acid derivatives, especially acyl halides and anhydrides, by reacting them with the appropriate alcohol in the presence of a weak base.
What you learn in Practice:
Industrial routes to carboxylic acids generally differ from those used on smaller scale because they require specialized equipment.