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Carbohydrates
Chapter Name : Biomolecules
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_14_01_04
Topic Name : Carbohydrates
Sub Topic Name : Structure Of Glucose
Introduction

1.Glucose is an aldohexose and is also known as dextrose. 2.It is the monomer of many of the larger carbohydrates, namely starch, cellulose. 3.It is probably the most abundant organic compound on earth. 4.Its molecular formula was found to be C6H12O6. 5.On prolonged heating with HI, it forms n-hexane, suggesting that all the six carbon atoms are linked in a straight chain. 6.Glucose reacts with hydroxylamine to form an oxime and adds a molecule of hydrogen cyanide to give cyanohydrin. 7.These reactions confirm the presence of a carbonyl group (>C = O) in glucose. 8.Glucose gets oxidized to six carbon carboxylic acid (gluconic acid) on reaction with a mild oxidizing agent like bromine water. 9.This indicates that the carbonyl group is present as an aldehydic group. 10.Glucose is correctly named as D(+)-glucose. 11.‘D’ before the name of glucose represents the configuration. 12.‘(+)’ represents dextrorotatory nature of the molecule.

Pre-Requisites:

Elements, sugar, organic molecule

Activity:

There are many different types of important carbohydrates, ex: glucose, sucrose, lactose etc.

Real Life Question:

How do u get energy from food?

Key Words / FlashCards
Key Words Definitions (pref. in our own words)
Carbohydrate optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds which produce such units on hydrolysis.
Learning aids / Gadgets
Gadgets How it can be used
Glucose Glucose is a mono saccharide
Real life uses :

Carbohydrates are good sources of energy

Places to visit :

kitchen

Practical examples around us
Examples Explainations
sugar Sugar is made up of glucose
What you learn in Theory:

1.Glucose is an aldohexose and is also known as dextrose. 2.It is the monomer of many of the larger carbohydrates, namely starch, cellulose. 3.It is probably the most abundant organic compound on earth. 4.Its molecular formula was found to be C6H12O6. 5.On prolonged heating with HI, it forms n-hexane, suggesting that all the six carbon atoms are linked in a straight chain. 6.Glucose reacts with hydroxylamine to form an oxime and adds a molecule of hydrogen cyanide to give cyanohydrin. 7.These reactions confirm the presence of a carbonyl group (>C = O) in glucose. 8.Glucose gets oxidized to six carbon carboxylic acid (gluconic acid) on reaction with a mild oxidizing agent like bromine water. 9.This indicates that the carbonyl group is present as an aldehydic group. 10.Glucose is correctly named as D(+)-glucose. 11.‘D’ before the name of glucose represents the configuration. 12.‘(+)’ represents dextrorotatory nature of the molecule.

What you learn in Practice:

Carbohydrates are produced by plants

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