Carbohydrates
Chapter Name : Biomolecules |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_14_01_07 |
Topic Name : Carbohydrates |
|
Sub Topic Name : Disaccharides |
|
Introduction
1.Two mono saccharides linked together to form a disaccharide. 2.The linkage or bond is an oxide linkage and is called a glycosidic bond, formed by the loss of water. 3.One of the common disaccharide's is sucrose which on hydrolysis gives equal moles of a mixture of D-(+)-glucose and D-(-) fructose. 4.The two mono saccharides are held together by a glycosidic linkage between C1 of ?-glucose and C2 of ?-fructose. 5.Since the reducing groups of glucose and fructose are involved in glycosidic bond formation, sucrose is a non reducing sugar. 6.Another disaccharide, maltose is composed of two ?-D-glucose units in which C1 of one glucose (I) is linked to C4 of another glucose unit (II). 7.It is a reducing sugar. 8.Commonly known as milk sugar since this disaccharide is found in milk. 9.It is composed of ?-D-galactose and ?-D-glucose. 10.The linkage is between C1 of galactose and C4 of glucose. Hence it is also a reducing sugar.
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, sugar, organic molecule
Activity:
There are many different types of important carbohydrates, ex: glucose, sucrose, lactose etc.
Real Life Question:
How do u get energy from food?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrate | optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds which produce such units on hydrolysis. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Glucose | Glucose is a mono saccharide |
Real life uses :
Carbohydrates are good sources of energy
Places to visit :
kitchen
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| sugar | Sugar is made up of glucose |
What you learn in Theory:
1.Two mono saccharides linked together to form a disaccharide. 2.The linkage or bond is an oxide linkage and is called a glycosidic bond, formed by the loss of water. 3.One of the common disaccharide's is sucrose which on hydrolysis gives equal moles of a mixture of D-(+)-glucose and D-(-) fructose. 4.The two mono saccharides are held together by a glycosidic linkage between C1 of ?-glucose and C2 of ?-fructose. 5.Since the reducing groups of glucose and fructose are involved in glycosidic bond formation, sucrose is a non reducing sugar. 6.Another disaccharide, maltose is composed of two ?-D-glucose units in which C1 of one glucose (I) is linked to C4 of another glucose unit (II). 7.It is a reducing sugar. 8.Commonly known as milk sugar since this disaccharide is found in milk. 9.It is composed of ?-D-galactose and ?-D-glucose. 10.The linkage is between C1 of galactose and C4 of glucose. Hence it is also a reducing sugar.
What you learn in Practice:
Carbohydrates are produced by plants