Chemical Reactions
Chapter Name : Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_12_09_04 |
Topic Name : Chemical Reactions |
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Sub Topic Name : Substitution Reactions In The Hydrocarbon Part |
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Introduction
A carboxylic acid is an organic acid characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group.
Pre-Requisites:
Carboxylic acid
Activity:
Ketones.
Real Life Question:
What is carboxylic acid?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| carboxylic acid | A carboxylic acid is an organic acid characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Alcohols | Alcohols (R-OH) take the suffix "-ol" with an infix numerical bonding position: CH3CH2CH2OH is propan-1-ol. The suffixes -diol, -triol, -tetraol, etc., are used for multiple -OH groups: Ethylene glycol CH2OHCH2OH is ethane-1, 2-diol. |
Real life uses :
Study the nature of chemicals.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
What you learn in Theory:
Acetic acid found in vinegar reacts with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) to form sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water: CH3COOH + NaHCO3 ? CH3COO?Na+ + CO2 + H2O
What you learn in Practice:
Carboxylic acid can be reduced to the alcohol by hydrogenation or using stoichiometric hydride reducing agents such as lithium aluminium hydride.