The Actinides
Chapter Name : The D- And F- Block Elements |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_08_06_03 |
Topic Name : The Actinides |
|
Sub Topic Name : Oxidation States |
|
Introduction
• The actinoids include the fourteen elements
from Th to Lr.
• There is a greater
range of oxidation states, which is in part attributed to the fact that the 5f,
6d and 7s levels are of comparable energies
• The actinoids show in general +3 oxidation
state. The elements, in the first half of the series frequently exhibit higher
oxidation states. For example, the maximum oxidation state increases from +4 in
Th to +5, +6 and +7 respectively in Pa, U and Np but decreases in succeeding
elements
•
The actinoids
resemble the lanthanoids in having more compounds in +3 state than in the +4
state.
However, +3 and +4
ions tend to hydrolyse.
Pre-Requisites:
Periodic table, elements
Activity:
Actinides are used in nuclear reactors to
generate power.
Real Life Question:
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Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Group | Group is the vertical column on the periodic table which contains elements having the similar properties |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Smoke detectors | Smoke detectors use Americium-241 |
Real life uses :
To make Smoke detectors
Places to visit :
kitchen
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Smoke detectors | Smoke detectors contain Americium-241 |
What you learn in Theory:
• The actinoids include the fourteen elements
from Th to Lr.
• There is a greater
range of oxidation states, which is in part attributed to the fact that the 5f,
6d and 7s levels are of comparable energies
• The actinoids show in general +3 oxidation
state. The elements, in the first half of the series frequently exhibit higher
oxidation states. For example, the maximum oxidation state increases from +4 in
Th to +5, +6 and +7 respectively in Pa, U and Np but decreases in succeeding
elements
•
The actinoids
resemble the lanthanoids in having more compounds in +3 state than in the +4
state.
However, +3 and +4
ions tend to hydrolyse.
What you learn in Practice:
• The actinoids include the fourteen elements
from Th to Lr.
• There is a greater
range of oxidation states, which is in part attributed to the fact that the 5f,
6d and 7s levels are of comparable energies
• The actinoids show in general +3 oxidation
state. The elements, in the first half of the series frequently exhibit higher
oxidation states. For example, the maximum oxidation state increases from +4 in
Th to +5, +6 and +7 respectively in Pa, U and Np but decreases in succeeding
elements
•
The actinoids
resemble the lanthanoids in having more compounds in +3 state than in the +4
state.
However, +3 and +4
ions tend to hydrolyse.