Physical Properties
Chapter Name : Haloalkanes And Haloarenes |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_10_05_01 |
Topic Name : Physical Properties |
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Sub Topic Name : Physical Properties |
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Introduction
• Alkyl halides are colourless when pure. However, bromides and iodides develop colour when exposed to light. • Many volatile halogen compounds have sweet smell • Methyl chloride, methyl bromide, ethyl chloride and some chlorofluoromethanes are gases at room temperature. • Higher members are liquids or solids. • Molecules of organic halogen compounds are generally polar. • The attractions get stronger as the molecules get bigger in size and have more electrons. • Bromo, iodo and polychloro derivatives of hydrocarbons are heavier than water. • The density increases with increase in number of carbon atoms, halogen atoms and atomic mass of the halogen atoms. • The haloalkanes are only very slightly soluble in water.
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, bond, halides
Activity:
• Synthetic halogen compounds, viz. • Chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria. • Halothane is used as an anaesthetic during surgery.
Real Life Question:
What are haloarenes and haloalkanes?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| - Haloalkanes - Haloarenes | • Haloalkanes contain halogen atom(s) attached to the sp3 hybridised carbon atom of an alkyl group. • Haloarenes contain halogen atom(s) attached to sp2 hybridised carbon atom(s) of an aryl group. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Chlorine | • Chlorine containing antibiotic, chloramphenicol, produced by soil microorganisms is very effective for the treatment of typhoid fever. |
Real life uses :
• Synthetic halogen compounds, viz. ? chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria; ? Halothane is used as an anesthetic during surgery..
Places to visit :
Pharmacy.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| • Synthetic halogen compounds, viz. ? chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria; ? Halothane is used as an anesthetic during surgery. • Synthetic halogen compounds, viz. ? chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria; ? Halothane is used as an anesthetic during surgery. |
What you learn in Theory:
• Alkyl halides are colourless when pure. However, bromides and iodides develop colour when exposed to light. • Many volatile halogen compounds have sweet smell • Methyl chloride, methyl bromide, ethyl chloride and some chlorofluoromethanes are gases at room temperature. • Higher members are liquids or solids. • Molecules of organic halogen compounds are generally polar. • The attractions get stronger as the molecules get bigger in size and have more electrons. • Bromo, iodo and polychloro derivatives of hydrocarbons are heavier than water. • The density increases with increase in number of carbon atoms, halogen atoms and atomic mass of the halogen atoms. • The haloalkanes are only very slightly soluble in water.
What you learn in Practice:
• Haloalkanes and Haloarenes are classified based on the number of halogen compounds contained in them.