Preparation Of Aldehydes And Ketones
Chapter Name : Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_12_02_04 |
Topic Name : Preparation Of Aldehydes And Ketones |
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Sub Topic Name : Preparation Of Aldehydes From Acyl Chlorides |
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Introduction
Aldehydes and ketones are widespread in nature, often combined with other functional groups.
Pre-Requisites:
Aldehydes and Ketones.
Activity:
Aldehydes and Ketones.
Real Life Question:
What are Aldehydes?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Aldehydes | An organic compound containing a formyl group. This functional group, with the structure R-CHO, consists of a carbonyl center (a carbon double bonded to oxygen) bonded to hydrogen and an R group, which is any generic alkyl or side chain. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Aldehydes and Ketones | Aldehydes and ketones are widespread in nature, often combined with other functional groups. |
Real life uses :
Study the nature of chemicals.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" (pronounced own, not won) with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
What you learn in Theory:
They can be formed through reduction of Acid Chloride:
What you learn in Practice:
For Acid Chloride to Aldehyde we use Bu3SnH as a source of weak Hydride ions which displace a Cl-. We do not use a more obvious source such as LiAlH4 as this will result in the over reduction of the aldehyde into a primary alcohol.