Methods Of Preparation
Chapter Name : Haloalkanes And Haloarenes |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_10_04_03 |
Topic Name : Methods Of Preparation |
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Sub Topic Name : Halogen Exchange |
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Introduction
1. Alkyl iodides are often prepared by the reaction of alkyl chlorides/ bromides with NaI in dry acetone. 2.This reaction is known as Finkelstein reaction. 3. NaCl or NaBr thus formed is precipitated in dry acetone. 4.It facilitates the forward reaction according to Le Chatelier’s Principle. 5.The synthesis of alkyl fluorides is best accomplished by heating an alkyl chloride/bromide in the presence of a metallic fluoride such as AgF, Hg2F2, CoF2 or SbF3. 6.The reaction is termed as Swart's reaction.
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, bond, alcohols
Activity:
1. Synthetic halogen compounds, viz. 2. Chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria. 3. Halothane is used as an anesthetic during surgery.
Real Life Question:
What are haloarenes and haloalkanes ?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Haloalkanes | Haloalkanes contain halogen atom(s) attached to the sp3 hybridized carbon atom of an alkyl group. |
| Haloarenes | Haloarenes contain halogen atom(s) attached to sp2 hybridized carbon atom(s) of an aryl group. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| chloramphenicol | Chlorine containing antibiotic, chloramphenicol, produced by soil microorganisms is very effective for the treatment of typhoid fever. |
Real life uses :
1. Synthetic halogen compounds, viz. 2. Chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria. 3. Halothane is used as an anesthetic during surgery.
Places to visit :
pharmacy
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| chloroquine | chloroquine is used for the treatment of malaria. |
| halothane | halothane is used as an anesthetic during surgery. |
What you learn in Theory:
1. Alkyl iodides are often prepared by the reaction of alkyl chlorides/ bromides with NaI in dry acetone. 2.This reaction is known as Finkelstein reaction. 3. NaCl or NaBr thus formed is precipitated in dry acetone. 4.It facilitates the forward reaction according to Le Chatelier’s Principle. 5.The synthesis of alkyl fluorides is best accomplished by heating an alkyl chloride/bromide in the presence of a metallic fluoride such as AgF, Hg2F2, CoF2 or SbF3. 6.The reaction is termed as Swart's reaction.
What you learn in Practice:
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes are classified based on the number of halogen compounds contained in them