Chapter Name : Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_12_06_01 |
Topic Name : Nomenclature And Structure Of Carboxyl Group |
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Sub Topic Name : Nomenclature |
The IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
Carbonyl group
Ketones.
What is Carbonyl group?
Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
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Carbonyl group | A carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O. |
Gadgets | How it can be used |
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Alcohols | Alcohols (R-OH) take the suffix "-ol" with an infix numerical bonding position: CH3CH2CH2OH is propan-1-ol. The suffixes -diol, -triol, -tetraol, etc., are used for multiple -OH groups: Ethylene glycol CH2OHCH2OH is ethane-1, 2-diol. |
Study the nature of chemicals.
Chemistry laboratory.
Examples | Explainations |
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ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" (pronounced own, not won) with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
The carbonyl group is the highest ranking functional group, and therefore will be the lowest possibly numbered constituent. Aldehydes are higher ranking than ketones.
The smallest ketone, propanone, is commonly referred to as acetone. Aromatic ketones are aryl-substituted alkanones. If the ketone is present in the ring, then the compound is referred to as a cycloalkanone.
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