Preparation Of Aldehydes And Ketones
Chapter Name : Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids |
Sub Topic Code : 102_12_12_02_07 |
Topic Name : Preparation Of Aldehydes And Ketones |
|
Sub Topic Name : Preparation Of Ketones From Acyl Chlorides |
|
Introduction
Aldehydes and ketones are widespread in nature, often combined with other functional groups.
Pre-Requisites:
Aldehydes and Ketones.
Activity:
Aldehydes and Ketones.
Real Life Question:
What are Aldehydes and ketones?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Aldehydes and ketones | Aldehydes and ketones are simple compounds which contain a carbonyl group - a carbon-oxygen double bond. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Aldehydes and Ketones | Aldehydes and ketones are widespread in nature, often combined with other functional groups. |
Real life uses :
Study the nature of chemicals.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" (pronounced own, not won) with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
What you learn in Theory:
Grignard compounds react with acyl chlorides to form ketones: R-Mg-Br + R'-COCl ---> R-CO-R' + MgBrCl But the formed ketone immediately reacts with more grignard to form the tertiary alcohol R'-C (OH) R2.
What you learn in Practice:
Adding the grignard to the acyl chloride and working at low temperature can slow down this secondary reaction somewhat, but the tertiary alcohol is still the main product due to the high reactivity of grignard reagents towards carbonyl groups.