Equations - Parabolic

Parabola

Definition and Geometric Properties

A parabola is a symmetric curve formed by all points that are equidistant from a fixed point (focus) and a fixed line (directrix). In algebra, it is represented by a quadratic equation of the form \( y = ax^2 + bx + c \).

Graphical explanation of a parabola

Standard Equation Forms

  • Vertical parabola: \( y = ax^2 + bx + c \)
  • Vertex form: \( y = a(x - h)^2 + k \), where \( (h, k) \) is the vertex
  • Focus-Directrix form: \( (x - h)^2 = 4a(y - k) \) or \( (y - k)^2 = 4a(x - h) \)

Properties

  • The vertex is the maximum or minimum point of the parabola.
  • The axis of symmetry passes through the vertex and is perpendicular to the directrix.
  • Parabolas open upwards if \( a > 0 \) and downwards if \( a < 0 \).

Applications

  • Used in physics to describe projectile motion.
  • Found in satellite dishes and headlight reflectors due to their reflective properties.
  • Key in designing bridges, tunnels, and parabolic antennas.
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