Molecular Orbital Theory
Chapter Name : Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_04_08_03 |
Topic Name : Molecular Orbital Theory |
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Sub Topic Name : Conditions For The Combination Of Atomic Orbitals |
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Introduction
• The linear combination of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals takes place only if a few conditions are satisfied. 1. The combining atomic orbitals must have the same or nearly the same energy. 2. The combining atomic orbitals must have the same symmetry about the molecular axis. 3. The combining atomic orbitals must overlap to the maximum extent.
Pre-Requisites:
Covalent bond, polyatomic molecule , atomic and molecular orbital
Activity:
Many things in nature are symmetrical e.g. insects, leaves
Real Life Question:
Why are things having symmetry?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Molecular orbital | Orbitals formed when atomic orbitals combine by hybridisation |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Square piece of paper, circular piece of paper, | Fold the papers and see whether they are symmetrical or not. |
Real life uses :
Symmetry helps to group things.
Places to visit :
Zoo, garden.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Leaves, insects | Notice the symmetry in the structure of things for ex: leaves and insects about a single plain or more than one plain. |
What you learn in Theory:
Atomic orbitals combine when their energies are similar and when they are symmetrical and have some overlap.
What you learn in Practice:
Similar energies are important for atomic orbitals to combine.