Fundamental Concepts In Organic Reaction Mechanism
Chapter Name : Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles And Techniques |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_12_07_01 |
Topic Name : Fundamental Concepts In Organic Reaction Mechanism |
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Sub Topic Name : Fission Of A Covalent Bond |
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Introduction
Organic chemistry is a chemistry sub discipline involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.
Pre-Requisites:
Organic chemistry
Activity:
Aromatic compounds.
Real Life Question:
What is organic chemistry?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| covalent bond | A covalent bond is the chemical bond that involves the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons is known as covalent bonding. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Alcohols | Alcohols (R-OH) take the suffix "-ol" with an infix numerical bonding position: CH3CH2CH2OH is propan-1-ol. The suffixes -diol, -triol, -tetraol, etc., are used for multiple -OH groups: Ethylene glycol CH2OHCH2OH is ethane-1, 2-diol. |
Real life uses :
Study the nature of chemicals.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
What you learn in Theory:
The 2 electrons in the bond split equally between each part. As there is an unpaired electron in each part, each part is a radical. E.g. Br2 ---> 2 Br*
What you learn in Practice:
Organic reactions are molecular in nature, and involve breaking and formation of one or more covalent bonds. The breaking process, also called bond cleavage or bond fission.