Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family
Chapter Name : The P- Block Elements |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_11_06_06 |
Topic Name : Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family |
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Sub Topic Name : Chemical Properties |
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Introduction
• The group 14 elements have four electrons in outermost shell.
• The common oxidation states are +4 and +2.
• Since the sum of the first four ionization enthalpies is very high, compounds in +4 oxidation state are generally covalent in nature.
• In heavier members the tendency to show +2 oxidation state increases in the sequence
• Ge
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, periodic table, Group, chemical properties
Activity:
• Group 14 has carbon, silicon which is found in the earth’s crust. • Carbon dating is done by using the C-14 isotope.
Real Life Question:
What is carbon used for?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| P block elements | Have the last electron in the outermost p orbital. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Glass, cement, coal | Glass and cement have silicon in it, coal has carbon in it. |
Real life uses :
• Carbon is found in every living tissue. • Silicon is used to make glass and cement.
Places to visit :
Chemistry lab, kitchen.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| cement | Cement has silicon in it. |
What you learn in Theory:
• The group 14 elements have four electrons in outermost shell.
• The common oxidation states are +4 and +2.
• Since the sum of the first four ionization enthalpies is very high, compounds in +4 oxidation state are generally covalent in nature.
• In heavier members the tendency to show +2 oxidation state increases in the sequence
• Ge
What you learn in Practice:
• Group 14 has carbon, silicon which is found in the earth’s crust. • Carbon dating is done by using the C-14 isotope.