Quantum Mechanical Model Of Atom
Chapter Name : Structure Of Atom |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_02_06_06 |
Topic Name : Quantum Mechanical Model Of Atom |
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Sub Topic Name : Electronic Configuration Of Atoms |
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Introduction
• Eectronic configuration is a notation specifying the electron distribution in the different shells of an atom. • While writing the electronic configuration 3 rules should be kept in mind: Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity. • While writing the electronic distribution of any atom, first the shell is specified, then the orbital name is written and then in the exponential form, we write the number of electrons in that orbital. • Also d- orbital always tries attaining a half-filled or a fully-filled configuration.
Pre-Requisites:
• Definition of atom and its constituents. • Quantum numbers and orbitals. • Energy of orbitals. • Filling of orbitals in an atom.
Real Life Question:
Why some elements are reactive while others non-reactive? Why are some elements metals while others non-metals?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
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| Atomic Orbital | The wave function of an electron in an atom or molecule, indicating the electron's probable location. |
| Quantum numbers | They are a set of values that describe the state of an electron including its distance from the nucleus, the orientation and type of orbital where it is likely to be found, and its spin. |
| Principal quantum number | The principal quantum number (n) gives the number of the electron shell in an atom. |
| Electronic configuration | It is a notation which shows the distribution of electrons of an atom in its atomic orbitals (e.g. : s, p ,d, f) . |
| Core electrons | The electrons present in the completely filled shells of an atom which are represented by a noble gas atom. |
| Valence electrons | These are the electrons that are added to the electronic shell with the highest principal quantum number. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
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Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
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What you learn in Theory:
How to write the distribution of electrons in any atom.