Water
Chapter Name : Hydrogen |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_09_06_03 |
Topic Name : Water |
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Sub Topic Name : Structure Of Ice |
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Introduction
- Ice is made up water molecules. - In the structure of ice, each oxygen atom is surrounded by 4 other oxygen atoms tetrahedrally with the help of hydrogen and covalent bonds. - As the oxygen atoms are equidistant from each other, it gives the ice an open structure. .
Pre-Requisites:
- Hydrogen bonding - Covalent bonding
Activity:
Ice cubes.
Real Life Question:
In ice, how are the water molecules held together?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Covalent bonding | A covalent bond is a chemical link between two atoms in which electrons are shared between them. |
| Hydrogen bonding | A hydrogen bond is a type of attractive (dipole-dipole) interaction between an electronegative atom such as oxygen, fluorine, nitrogen and a hydrogen atom. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Ice from refrigerator | Put ice in a glass of water. You see that ice floats on water, this is because of its open structure. |
Real life uses :
Ice is widely used in daily life.
Places to visit :
Kitchen.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Ice, water, steam | These all have the same chemical formula |
What you learn in Theory:
The structural arrangement of water molecules in ice.
What you learn in Practice:
Ice is the solid
state of water