Hybridization
Chapter Name : Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_04_07_02 |
Topic Name : Hybridization |
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Sub Topic Name : Types Of Hybridization |
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Introduction
• There are various types of hybridisation involving s, p and d orbitals. • Sp hybridization involves the mixing of one s and one p orbital resulting in the formation of two equivalent sp hybrid orbitals. • Sp 2 involves of one s and two p-orbitals in order to form three equivalent sp2 hybridized orbitals. • Has sp3 hybridisation in which there is mixing of one s-orbital and three p-orbitals of the valence shell to form four sp3 hybrid orbital of equivalent energies and shape.
Pre-Requisites:
Covalent bond, polyatomic molecule , orbital
Activity:
Hybrids for example (animals, plants) are mixture of two or more individual types.
Real Life Question:
How do hybrids form?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Hybridization | Process of intermixing of the orbitals. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Ball, dumbbell | A ball is similar to an s orbital and a dumb bell is like p orbital of atoms. |
Real life uses :
Hybridisation gives rise to new types or varieties.
Places to visit :
Zoo, garden, gym.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Mule | Mule is a hybrid of a horse and a donkey. |
What you learn in Theory:
Different types of hybridization give different geometries of polyatomic molecules.
What you learn in Practice:
Hybridisation is intermixing.