Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family
Chapter Name : The P- Block Elements |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_11_06_03 |
Topic Name : Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family |
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Sub Topic Name : Ionization Enthalpy |
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Introduction
• The first ionization enthalpy of group 14 members is higher than the corresponding members of group 13. • The influence of inner core electrons is visible here also. • In general the ionisation enthalpy decreases down the group. • Small decrease in ?iH from Si to Ge to Sn and slight increase in ?iH from Sn to Pb is the consequence of poor shielding effect of intervening d and f orbitals and increase in size of the atom.
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, periodic table, Group, ionization enthalpy
Activity:
• Group 14 has carbon, silicon which is found in the earth’s crust. • Carbon dating is done by using the C-14 isotope.
Real Life Question:
What is carbon used for?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| P block elements | Have the last electron in the outermost p orbital. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Glass, cement, coal | Glass and cement have silicon in it, coal has carbon in it. |
Real life uses :
• Carbon is found in every living tissue. • Silicon is used to make glass and cement.
Places to visit :
Chemistry lab, kitchen.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| cement | Cement has silicon in it. |
What you learn in Theory:
• The first ionization enthalpy of group 14 members is higher than the corresponding members of group 13. • The influence of inner core electrons is visible here also. • In general the ionisation enthalpy decreases down the group. • Small decrease in ?iH from Si to Ge to Sn and slight increase in ?iH from Sn to Pb is the consequence of poor shielding effect of intervening d and f orbitals and increase in size of the atom.
What you learn in Practice:
• Group 14 has carbon, silicon which is found in the earth’s crust. • Carbon dating is done by using the C-14 isotope.