Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family
Chapter Name : The P- Block Elements |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_11_06_02 |
Topic Name : Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family |
|
Sub Topic Name : Covalent Radius |
|
Introduction
• Carbon (C), Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), tin (Sn) and lead (Pb) are the members of group 14. • There is a considerable increase in covalent radius from C to Si, thereafter from Si to Pb a small increase in radius is observed. • This is due to the presence of completely filled d and f orbitals in heavier members.
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, periodic table, Group, covalent radius
Activity:
• Group 14 has carbon, silicon which is found in the earth’s crust. • Carbon dating is done by using the C-14 isotope.
Real Life Question:
What is carbon used for?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| P block elements | Have the last electron in the outermost p orbital. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Glass, cement, coal | Glass and cement have silicon in it, coal has carbon in it. |
Real life uses :
• Carbon is found in every living tissue. • Silicon is used to make glass and cement.
Places to visit :
Chemistry lab, kitchen.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| cement | Cement has silicon in it. |
What you learn in Theory:
• There is a considerable increase in covalent radius from C to Si, thereafter from Si to Pb a small increase in radius is observed. • This is due to the presence of completely filled d and f orbitals in heavier members.
What you learn in Practice:
• Group 14 has carbon, silicon which are found in the earth’s crust. • Carbon dating is done by using the C-14 isotope.