Periodic Trends In Properties Of Elements
Chapter Name : Classification Of Elements And Periodicity In Properties |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_03_07_06 |
Topic Name : Periodic Trends In Properties Of Elements |
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Sub Topic Name : Periodicity Of Valence Or Oxidation States |
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Introduction
• The valence or oxidation state of elements is usually equal to the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals and / or equal to eight minus the number of outermost electrons. • The oxidation state of an element in a particular compound can be defined as the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electronegative consideration from other atoms in the molecule.
Pre-Requisites:
Element, valence shell, enthalpy, electronic configuration
Activity:
The high number of oxidation states allows transition metals to form a wide variety of compounds. E.g. zinc and iron are useful elements in the body’s functioning.
Real Life Question:
How are so many compounds formed?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| valence or oxidation state | • The valence or oxidation state of elements is usually equal to the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals and / or equal to eight minus the number of outermost electrons. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Molecular models of compounds | Study the electrons shared by different elements in a molecule of a compound. |
Real life uses :
Due to the variable oxidation states, transition metals can form various compounds.
Places to visit :
School
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Copper, iron | Transition metals are able to bond with different elements and form different compounds. This makes them extremely useful in medicinal use. Ex: Iron In dietary supplements |
What you learn in Theory:
• The valence or oxidation state of elements is usually equal to the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals and / or equal to eight minus the number of outermost electrons. • The oxidation state of an element in a particular compound can be defined as the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electronegative consideration from other atoms in the molecule.
What you learn in Practice:
How do chemical ionic compounds form? e.g. salt,