Alkanes
Chapter Name : Hydrocarbons |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_13_02_05 |
Topic Name : Alkanes |
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Sub Topic Name : Preparation From Carboxylic Acids |
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Introduction
A carboxylic is an organic acid characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is R-COOH, where R is some monovalent functional group.
Pre-Requisites:
Carboxylic Acids
Activity:
Salt.
Real Life Question:
What are Carboxylic Acids?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Bronsted-Lowry acids | an acid–base reaction theory, proposed independently by Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted and Thomas Martin Lowry in 1923.The fundamental concept of this theory is that an acid (or Bronsted acid) is defined as being able to lose, or "donate" a proton (the hydrogen cation, or H+) while a base (or Brønsted base) is defined as a species with the ability to gain, or "accept," a proton. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| salts | Ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of related numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge). |
Real life uses :
Carboxylic acids are used in the production of polymers, pharmaceuticals, solvents, and food additives.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| acetic acid | An organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH (also written as CH3CO2H or C2H4O2). It is a colourless liquid that when undiluted is also called glacial acetic acid. |
What you learn in Theory:
Carboxylic acids are typically weak acids, meaning that they only partially dissociate into H+ cations and RCOO– anions in neutral aqueous solution. For example, at room temperature, only 0.4% of all acetic acid molecules are dissociated. Electronegative substituents give stronger acids.
What you learn in Practice:
Carboxylic acids often have strong odors, especially the volatile derivatives.