Qualitative Analysis Of Organic Compounds
Chapter Name : Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles And Techniques |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_12_09_01 |
Topic Name : Qualitative Analysis Of Organic Compounds |
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Sub Topic Name : Detection Of Carbon And Hydrogen |
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Introduction
Organic chemistry is a chemistry sub discipline involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.
Pre-Requisites:
Organic chemistry
Activity:
Aromatic compounds.
Real Life Question:
What is organic chemistry?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| Chromatography | Chromatography is the collective term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Alcohols | Alcohols (R-OH) take the suffix "-ol" with an infix numerical bonding position: CH3CH2CH2OH is propan-1-ol. The suffixes -diol, -triol, -tetraol, etc., are used for multiple -OH groups: Ethylene glycol CH2OHCH2OH is ethane-1, 2-diol. |
Real life uses :
Study the nature of chemicals.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| ketones | In general ketones (R-CO-R) take the suffix "-one" with an infix position number: CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is pentan-2-one. If a higher precedence suffix is in use, the prefix "oxo-" is used: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CHO is 3-oxohexanal. |
What you learn in Theory:
Carbon and hydrogen are detected by heating the organic compound with cupric oxide (CuO) strongly, where carbon is oxidized to carbon dioxide and hydrogen to water. Carbon dioxide is tested by lime water test, whereas water is tested by anhydrous copper sulphate test.
What you learn in Practice:
The ionic compounds formed during the fusion are extracted in aqueous solution, and can be detected by simple chemical tests. The aqueous solution obtained by extracting the fused mass in water is called sodium extract or Lassaigne's extract.