Alkanes
Chapter Name : Hydrocarbons |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_13_02_15 |
Topic Name : Alkanes |
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Sub Topic Name : Conformation-Sawhorse Projections |
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Introduction
Alkanes consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms, all bonds are single bonds, and the carbon atoms are not joined in cyclic structures but instead form an open chain. They have the general chemical formula CnH2n+2.
Pre-Requisites:
Sawhorse Projections
Activity:
Crude oil.
Real Life Question:
What are alkanes?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| alkanes | An alkane is a hydrocarbon containing only single carbon-carbon bonds. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| liquefied petroleum gas | A flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles. |
Real life uses :
Used mainly for determining conformational relationships.
Places to visit :
Chemistry laboratory.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Ethane | A chemical compound with chemical formula C2H6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas, and as a byproduct of petroleum refining. Its chief use is as petrochemical feedstock for ethylene production. |
What you learn in Theory:
A Sawhorse representation, views a carbon-carbon bond from an oblique angle. This type of representation makes it easy to visualize the molecule as a whole in 3-D.
What you learn in Practice:
Edible vegetable oils also typically contain small fractions of biogenic alkanes with a wide spectrum of carbon numbers, mainly 8 to 35, usually peaking in the low to upper 20s, with concentrations up to dozens of milligrams per kilogram (parts per million by weight) and sometimes over a hundred for the total alkane fraction.