Group 13 Elements: The Boron Family
Chapter Name : The P- Block Elements |
Sub Topic Code : 102_11_11_02_05 |
Topic Name : Group 13 Elements: The Boron Family |
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Sub Topic Name : Physical Properties |
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Introduction
• Boron is non-metallic in nature. • It is extremely hard and black coloured solid. • It exists in many allotropic forms. • Due to very strong crystalline lattice, boron has unusually high melting point. • Rests of the members are soft metals with low melting point and high electrical conductivity. • Gallium with unusually low melting point (303K), could exist in liquid state during summer. • Its high boiling point (2676 K) makes it a useful material for measuring high temperatures. • Density of the elements increases down the group from boron to thallium.
Pre-Requisites:
Elements, periodic table, Group, physical properties
Activity:
• Group 13 has aluminium, boron which are important industrial elements.
Real Life Question:
What is aluminium used for?
Key Words / FlashCards
| Key Words | Definitions (pref. in our own words) |
|---|---|
| P block elements | Have the last electron in the outermost p orbital. |
Learning aids / Gadgets
| Gadgets | How it can be used |
|---|---|
| Periodic table, aluminium foil | Look at Groups 13 in the periodic table. Aluminium foil is made since aluminium is malleable. |
Real life uses :
• Aluminium is a metal used to make utensils, aircraft parts. Etc. • Aluminium can be beaten down into sheets making aluminium foil.
Places to visit :
Chemistry lab, kitchen.
Practical examples around us
| Examples | Explainations |
|---|---|
| Aluminium foil | Aluminium belongs to the group 13 elements. It is a soft metal which is malleable. |
What you learn in Theory:
• Boron is non-metallic in nature. • It is extremely hard and black coloured solid. • It exists in many allotropic forms. • Due to very strong crystalline lattice, boron has unusually high melting point. • Rests of the members are soft metals with low melting point and high electrical conductivity. • Gallium with unusually low melting point (303K), could exist in liquid state during summer. • Its high boiling point (2676 K) makes it a useful material for measuring high temperatures. • Density of the elements increases down the group from boron to thallium.
What you learn in Practice:
• Group 13 has aluminium, boron which are important industrial elements.